WOMEN DURING WORLD WAR 1 & 2
World War 1 Scottish Womens Hospital Unit Women of True Grit – Scottish Women’s Hospitals
Womens Peace Party 1915
A group of personnel of the Australian Women's Land Army Service attached to an anti-aircraft unit in Melbourne in October 1942
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This Early Switchboard Operator Hardware Weighed 6lbs, C.1880.
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World War 1 French nurses looking after French soldiers.
Studio portrait of five sisters of AANS stationed at No.1 Australian Auxiliary Hospital
Women workers trucking clay to a moulding house for silica brick making in Wales
Clerks of the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) line up to meet Queen Mary at Wimereux, France, 6 June 1917.
Two women workers operate machinery at Armstrong Whitworth and Co. shipbuilders
In World War II, women were called upon to work outside of the home to keep the economy going after millions of American men shipped off to war.
Oct 2 1917 Sister Mabel Milne, Territorial Force Nursing Service. Died of wounds from enemy aircraft
Women's Royal Australian Army Corps in World War 2.
A World War 1 Unnamed nurse.
Women did the jobs normally done by men while their men were away fighting in World War 1.
Arrival of first detachment of Sisters
Australian sisters on board S.S Mooltan, 1915.
Christmas Hospital - Canadian nurses during World War I at Christmas time.
1918 The Royal Air Force is formed. In this photo King George V inspects RAF cadets in Aug 1918
French singer Édith ‘Piaf’ Gassion was named after executed British nurse Edith Cavell.
Beautiful image of Scottish ladies working on the trams in World War 1
Spare a moment to think of the the inspiring work of women in World War 1 & 2.
Spare a moment to think of the the inspiring work of women in World War 1 & 2.
Australian nurse with the kangaroo Jimny at the Australian Auxiliary Hospital of Harefield-UK in World War 1
Women’s Royal Canadian Naval Service (W.R.C.N.S.) picking up course material at RCN Signal School,Québec, Sept 1944
Jean Adams, member of the Women's Royal Canadian Naval Services -The WRENS- 1944.
Bold German woman puts flowers on captured Germ. plane in French-controlled part of Greece in World War 1
Countess Markievicz, Irish revolutionary, one of 1st women in world to hold cabinet position
74 yrs ago Japanese soldiers slaughtered 21 Aussie nurses, the massacre's only survivor, Sister Vivian Bullwinkel .
The female population was affected in post World War 1
A nurse in the first World War
WW1 – Nurses tending to wounded French soldiers
The British king, KingGeorgeV visiting the front and talking to an hospital matron.
World War 1 nurses, the Great War in Colour
World War 1 NewZealand nurse
World War 1 Nurses
World War 1 nurse
World War One postcard of a beautiful young nurse
World War 1 Nurse Marion Sinclair Brown
Woman worker in a munitions factory in Britain during World War I
WW1 Female worker, pictured making shell cases in a Vickers factory in January 1915
Codebreaker Mary Harding is laid to rest: 93-year-old Mary kept wartime job secret until she was well into her 60's
Carve Her Name With Pride 3 British #ww2 SOE agents shot at Ravensbruck 5 Feb 1945
Gettin ready for Civil War unit!
World War 2 Evacuees The woman who took us into her home treated us as slaves
Second World War evacuee, Valerie, selling poppies for those lost in First World War
After a wartime press campaign, evacuee Mrs Bienvenu, was reunited with her son in hospital
Wartime photo taken in Stockport air raid shelters still open to the public! Well worth a visit!
Photo collection of Eleanor Roosevelt, online in FDR Presidential Library
World War 1 Patriotic music hall girls.
Brian's mum died days after both were evacuated to Manchester
Amazing pictures of the women who held Britain together during World War 1
James Adams 26th NC Regiment wia Malvern Hill & Gettysburg paroled
A World War One Red Cross nurse writes down the last words of a British Soldier Paul Thompson -
Just launched NZ Army Nursing Service in the First World War
A British women's fire brigade takes the salute, March 1916 World War I,
Conversely sentiment wasn't necessarily unanimous on the Allied side, as some men objected to the special status accorded her as a female victim.
The Australian Red Cross in London in World War One, 1916.
Photo of #Manchester Infirmary nurses survey bomb damage Octpber 1940
Image caption Nurses and volunteers on both sides faced constant danger
World War I, 1914 Photos, Vintage Photos, Countersink Deton, Deton Tube, Photos Women, Tube Hole, Hands Grenades
In 1915 Agnes Bennett became the first female commissioned officer in the British Army, when as a captain she worked as a medical officer in war hospitals in Cairo. In 1916-17 she was in charge of a unit of the Scottish Women's Hospitals on the Serbian front
As with numerous weapons significantly developed upon during World War One, the use of grenades (whose name probably dates from the French word for pomegranate) dated back some hundreds of years - to the fifteenth century in fact.
Women making grenades in a factory in World War One.
Early news reports, which inspired a number of propaganda postcards, incorrectly said Edith Cavell had fainted after refusing to wear a blindfold at her execution
The Princess Royal will visit Belgium on Monday to mark the centenary of the execution of World War 1 Nurse Edith Cavell
What was the life of a nurse like during World War 1? Read Belfast nurse Emma Duffin's diary: http://gallipoli.rte.ie/people/eye-witnesses/emma-duffin …
Wounded World War 1 soldiers at American Red Cross Military Hospital, 10 Aug 1918.
Geraldine Gilbert knitting socks, B. F. Day Elementary School, Seattle, 1918
British Army Dr. Phoeby Chapple - Royal Army Medical Corps attached Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corps Doctor
WW1 Canadian Nurses near their Hospital, 1918.
October 1915 - Girton & Newnham Unit of the Scottish Women's Hospitals set sail for Serbia, World War One.
WW1 Churchill's Pendleton women at work 1916.
Nurses who are to leave New Zealand for work abroad in World War One.
WW1 women working in factories replacing men at war.
WW1 Polish women working for the relief of refugees.
Women working in a munition factory in WW1.
Women working in a munition factory in WW1
The involvement of Australian women in each war is closely connected to their role in society at different times, and the nature of each war. Australia has been involved in a number of wars including The Boer War (1899–1902), World War I (1914–1918), World War II (1939–1945), The Korean War (1950–1953), The Vietnam War (1962–1972) and The Gulf War (1990–1991).
On the home front, women dealt with the consequences of war – managing children and family responsibilities alone, shortages of resources, as well as their fears for the future, and the grief and trauma of losing loved ones. Many women were also actively involved as nurses and in other active service duties, and contributed more actively to war efforts through military service. Other Australian women were also closely connected with war through male relatives and friends away on military service. In World War II, women were actively recruited into jobs that had always been the preserve of men; they worked in factories and shipyards, as members of the Women's Land Army and as Official War Artists. Fundraising and support rolesAt the outbreak of World War I, the expected role of women was to manage the home and raise children. Women were strongly encouraged to help the war effort by joining voluntary organisations. Groups active at this time included the Australian Red Cross, the Country Women's Association, the Women's Christian Temperance Union, the Australian Women's National League, the Voluntary Aid Detachment, the Australian Comforts Fund and the Cheer-Up Society. Paid labour and taking on 'men's work'When World War I started, it was uncommon for many women to have jobs, apart from domestic serving roles. The number of women working outside the home did increase slightly during the war but mostly in food, clothing and printing industry jobs that were already established as female roles. The idea that a great number of women could take up paid work in place of the men who had gone to war was resisted for a number of reasons. This resistance lasted into World War II, even though 'women beat a path to the doors of the authorities, begging to be allowed to assist, to help win the war, to give of their talents'. (Adam-Smith, Patsy 1996, Australian Women At War , Penguin Books, Australia, p 5)
By 1942, the tides of war had shifted to Australia's doorstep and roles changed out of sheer necessity. Australian women entered the workforce in unprecedented numbers and were even allowed to take on 'men's work'. These were jobs for the war, not for life. Women were paid at lower rates than men and expected to 'step down' and return to home duties after the war., women were actively recruited into jobs that had always been considered for men. 'Rosie the Riveter' was a character used in America during the 1940s to entice women into work in factories and shipyards.
Newsreels and movies of the day show women happily coming to work in the factory each day to make bomb casings, tanks or parachutes and draws similarities between the things women are used to doing (such as filing their nails) with the work they do in the factory (such as filing the inside of munitions casings). Similar recruitment programs were used to great effect in Australia. At the end of the war, when women were expected to give up their jobs for men who returned home from overseas conflicts, this was often a difficult transition. Many women had enjoyed participating in the workforce. The 1950s saw a dramatic change in the way women's roles were defined, as females were encouraged back into the home and their traditional roles of wives and mothers reinforced and encouraged. Australian Women's Land ArmyAustralian War Memorial.The Australian Women's Land Army (AWLA) was established in July 1942, in response to labour shortages in country areas. The Women's Land Army recruited women to work on farms where there were no men left to do the hard labour that was traditionally assigned to men.
AWLA was not considered a military service and never included benefits such as the pensions, deferred pay and bonuses, which were available to those women who joined WRANS, AWAS and others. By 1944 the Australian Women's Land Army (AWLA) had around 3000 members. Taking personal actionThe unique war experiences of some Australian women came from their own initiative and special circumstances. Travelling in England at the beginning of World War I, Olive King went on to work as an ambulance driver in France and Salonika. The suffragette and pacifist Vida Goldstein founded the Women's Peace Army in 1915. Vera Deakin established a Wounded and Missing Enquiry Bureau in Cairo in 1915, and in London in 1916, providing a vital service for Australian families in these countries. During World War I, some women threw themselves into campaigns in favour of conscription, others opposed it vehemently. In the years following World War II, the war stories of extraordinary Australian women such as Nancy Wake, Jessie Traill, Vivian Bullwinkel and many others have emerged. In a different Australia at the time of later conflicts, women have joined with others to voice their opposition to war through marches, rallies and petitions.
Women bearing witness to war – artists and writersNora Heyson, Sister Minnie Goldstein working in the Blood Bank, Alexishafen 1944. Image courtesy of the Australian War Memorial. Art and writing can offer a window into some wartime experiences. Sybil Craig, Nora Heysen and Stella Bowen were among the Official War Artists appointed by the Australian government during World War II and their impressions of war are among many artworks held at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra. Letters, diaries and other written accounts convey women's experiences of various conflicts. Betty Jeffrey's book White Coolies (1945) and Jessie Simons's book While History Passed (1954, reissued in 1985 as In Japanese Hands ) are personal accounts of being held prisoner-of-war by the Japanese after the fall of Singapore in World War II. Susan Terry's book House of Love: Life in a Vietnamese Hospital (1966) reflects her experiences as a civilian nurse during the Vietnam War. Recognising Australian women's war effortsIn World War I and World War II, the wives or female relatives of Australian servicemen received medals to show their personal connection with military efforts.
Facing an uncertain future...from left, a young Gwendolyn Dent (nee Blackett), Corporal Betty Moore and Corporal Eileen Boland.
WW2 Women worked in formally male jobs in industry.
WW2 Women worked as Switchboard operators
#WW2 Two women hoisting a propeller for an Empire machine at British Overseas Airways.
Australian women serve in the land army WW2 .
At the end of World War Two, those women who had found alternate employment from the normal for women, lost their jobs.
Dr Agnes Bennett. Seated portrait. Shows her in army uniform 1916-1917 she was commanding officer of #7thMedicalUnit #ScottishWomensHospitals for Foreign Service, Macedonia, Serbia, during World War I
January 1916. Eleanor Elizabeth Bourne served as a lieutenant of the Royal Army Medical Corps in the Endell Street military hospital, London, staffed entirely by women. Promoted major in 1917
Mata Hari was a professional dancer and mistress who became a spy for France during World War I. Suspected of being a double agent, she was executed in 1917. Born on August 7, 1876, in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, Mata Hari was a professional dancer and mistress who accepted an assignment to spy for France in 1916. Hired by army captain Georges Ladoux, agreeing to pass military information gleaned from her conquests to the French government. Not long after, however, Mata Hari was accused of being a German spy. She was executed by firing squad on October 15, 1917, after French authorities learned of her alleged double agency.
